The observation of long-range collective correlations for particles emittedin high-multiplicity pp and pPb collisions has opened up new opportunities ofinvestigating novel high-density QCD phenomena in small colliding systems. Wereview experimental results related to the studies of collective phenomena insmall systems from RHIC and the LHC over the past several years. Latestdevelopment in theoretical interpretations motivated by different frameworksare also reviewed, and confronted with the experimental data. Perspectives onpossible future directions are discussed, with the aim of further exploring therich emergent QCD phenomena.
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